不同播种期对玉米生长发育和产量的影响研究

Impacts of the Different Seeding Time on Growing Development and Production of Corn

为了应对气候变化,避免春旱对玉米生长发育的影响,通过采用分期播种试验方法,研究玉米生长发育和产量的变化,结果表明:早播能使玉米生育期延长,生长发育好,叶绿素含量高,干物质积累多,产量高;而晚播玉米易受春旱影响,生长发育差,产量偏低,因此,在西峰塬区将传统的玉米播种期4月下旬提前到4月上、中旬,可以避免春旱的危害,有利于玉米生长发育,达到增产增收的目地。但春播日期的提前要根据年景变化,因地制宜,在春旱严重年份或较轻年份,春播日期提前对玉米生长发育和增产效果明显,而在雨水充沛、无春旱年份按照常规时间开展春播,对玉米生长有利。

In order to cope with climate change and avoid spring drought effects on corn growing development, anexperiment of sowing at different times was conducted to research the changes on the corn growing development and production. The results showed that the early sowing corn could receive longer period of duration, better growth,higher chlorophyll content, more dry matter accumulation and higher output, while the late sowing corn whichwere easily affected by spring drought, resulted in poor growth and low output. Therefore, to bring forward thetraditional corn seeding time from late April to early and mid April in Xifeng tableland area can avoid the harmof spring drought, benefit corn growing development and increase both production and income. However, thechange of spring sowing date should be adjusted to local conditions. In years with serious spring drought orlight drought, the impacts of early spring sowing on corn growth and production increase are significant, whilein years with abundant rain and no spring drought, to carry out the spring sowing according to the normal time isfavorableforthe growth of corn.