论潘岳《射雉赋》的作年、价值及影响

On the Writing Time,Values and Effects of Pan Yue's Ode to Pheasant Hunting

潘岳《射雉赋》最早载《文选》,列"畋猎赋"类。经考证,该赋是目前发现潘岳创作最早的一篇作品,大约作于他出仕以前,随父徙居琅邪的晋武帝泰始二年(266年)。与《文选》所收其它畋猎赋相比,《射雉赋》有较突出的文学价值:一、创作目的方面,变此前畋猎赋的进御讽谏为娱情悦性。二、表现内容方面,该赋视角真实,对象单一,尤其对"媒翳射雉"风俗资料的保存,体现了题材创作的创新。三、语言风格方面,又变以往畋猎赋的铺排夸饰为清新浅净。另外,《射雉赋》首将"射雉"主题纳入文学作品,其对后世的影响当引起人们的重视。

Pan Yue’s Ode to Pheasant H unting was firstly selected in Wen Xuan （Anthology ） （volume .9） ,grouped in hunting style .Through textual research ,this Ode was Pan Yue’s earlist work written in about 266 A .D ,before he was not enlisted in the government office ,and still lived with his father in Lang Ya .Compared with other hunting odes in Wen Xuan ,Ode to Pheasant H un-ting has its ow n literal values ：firstly ,on w riting purpose ,this ode changed the others’ satire and criticism into entertainment .Secondly ,the presentation of the content reflected its innovation with re-alistic viewpoints and single object ,especially in preserving the customs of “pheasant hunting activi-ties” .Thirdly ,its linguistic characteristics were pure and concise instead of the previous ornamental parallelism .In addition ,Ode to Pheasant H unting was the first poetic work on the theme of pheasant hunting ,w hich had influenced the later generations and deserved the attention of the researchers .