教育改革中的教师阻力:方式选择、归因及对策

Teacher Resistance in the Educational Reform:Mode Selection,Attribution and Countermeasures

教师阻力是教育改革过程中的主要影响因素,教师个体通过偏离、修改、钝化的方式将抵制行动嵌入到日常教育生活之中,可以减弱个人直接承受变革压力的程度。教师的"单位人"身份、职业活动特性及教师对自我角色的定位等因素影响着教师在改革中排拒方式的选择。要使教师投入教育改革,需要营造变革话语,构建利于变革的强势文化;构筑教师领导者,形成教师共同体;增加教师在教育改革中的收益。

Teacher resistance is a common occurrence in the educational reform. The individual teacher has the boy- cott infiltrate in their daily educational life by means of deviation, modification and passivation through the covert and per- sonal effort in order to reduce the direct pressure exerted on them by the reform. Such factors as the teacher＇s identity of ＂working unit person＂, the property of his/her professional activities and the position of his/her self-role have an influence on the teachers＇ choice of resistance methods in the reform. To get teachers involved in the educational reform, it is neces- sary to create the reform discourse and construct the strong-version culture conducive to reform; to train the teacher leaders and form the teacher community; and to increase teachers＇ benefits in the educational reform.