包容:多元社会和谐发展的融合剂

Panel Discussion on Social Mentality of Contemporary Chinese People

社会心态是一定时期尤其是转型时期弥散在整个社会或某些社会群体中的宏观、变动和凸显的社会心理态势。它最直接地反映了一个社会宏观的社会经济变动态势及民众的感受、期待和好恶,也因此成为影响该社会持续进步或变化的精神力量。改革开放35年来,中国社会发生了巨大变迁,与此相应,中国人的价值观和社会心态也发生了明显的变化。我们曾将中国人精神世界的变化称之为"中国体验",并将其与"中国经验"相对应,认为这是目前我们所经历的这场大变迁的一体两面,它赋予我们这个独特的时代以完整的历史意义和文化价值。转型期中国人的社会心态最突出的特征是人格的边际化或社会心态的两极化,也就是说,在社会心态朝积极方向变化或嬗变之时,一些消极的社会心态也在孕育和滋生。前者如开放、流动、竞争、平和与包容,后者如焦虑、物欲(拜金)、浮躁、暴戾与炫富。事实上,精神嬗变过程中积极与消极的共存本身就是变迁或转型的一种精神特征,我们只是希望,伴随着最初的不安、躁动和焦虑之后,我们的民族能够迈向健康的未来。有鉴于此,本刊编辑部邀请了八位作者就上述积极方面与消极方面的十大议题,分两期进行认真的讨论。希望我们的努力能够推动中华民族的进步,像《"十二五"规划纲要》所说,最终有利于"培育奋发进取、理性平和、开放包容的社会心态"。

Editor＇s Note： Social psychology is the macro, changing and contingent social and psychological mindset pervasive in the entire society or some social groups during a certain period of time, particularly the transition period. It most directly re- flects a society＇s macro economic changes and people＇s feelings, expectations and preferences, and thus becomes a type of mental strength that impact social progress or changes. During the past 35 years since China adopted the reform and open- ing-up policy, Chinese society has undergone tremendous changes, and the corresponding values and social psychology of Chinese people have also undergone a significant change. We used to call the changing spirit of the Chinese people ＂China experience＂, different from the ＂China practice＂, and believed that it embodied the two sides of one body in this tremen- dous change, and that it endowed this unique era with a complete historical significance and cultural value. In the transition period in China, the most prominent feature of social mentality is the marginalization of personality or polarization of social mentality, that is, when the social mentality moves towards the positive direction, some negative social attitudes are also breeding. The former includes openness, mobility, competition, peace and tolerance, while the latter includes anxiety, materialism （money worship）, impatience, violence and public display of wealth. In fact, the coexistence of positive and negative elements in the process of spiritual evolution represents the spiritual feature of changes or restructuring. We only hope that after the initial anxiety, restlessness and unease, the Chinese nation can move towards a healthy future. In this regard, we have invited eight authors to offer serious discussion on these positive aspects. We hope that our efforts will ad- vance our nation＇s progress, as defined in the Outline for Development during the 12th Five-year Plan Period： contributing to cultivating a social mentality that supports progress, reason, peace, openness, and tolerance. ＂