矿业企业“走出去”的机遇与挑战

Opportunities and Challenges that Mining Enterprises Face in Implementing the Strategy of “Going Global”

矿业企业"走出去"面临政治法律风险、文化风险、环保风险和管理风险等。政策方面要制定符合国情的境外投资战略体系,政府可以通过财政、金融、税收等多种手段全方位鼓励矿业企业跨国经营,从政治、外交等不同角度支持和促进在海外建立矿产资源供应基地,对于前期风险程度较高的地质勘查及选点工作设立风险勘查基金,对于进入开发阶段的项目则应给予优惠贷款扶持。"走出去"的企业要本着"作为当地一分子"的原则进行跨文化管理,学会适应当地的法律法规以及在生态和环保方面的特殊规定,要重视综合回收利用,创新管理体制。在"走出去"过程中,建议由地勘单位完成前期工作后,再由国内大型企业跟进,形成以"股权"为纽带的利益共同体。

The risks that mining enterprises face in implementing the strategy of “going global”include politics and law, culture, environmental protection and management etc. This means that we must work out overseas investment strategy system in accordance with national conditions. The government should encourage mining enterprises to operate internationally by means of ifscal, taxation and ifnance; make efforts to support and promote the establishment of the base for supplying mineral resources in foreign countries from different angles such as politics and diplomacy. Meanwhile, risk exploration fund must be set up, which can help us avoid encountering problems in the work with regard to geological exploration and site-selection with high degree of risk at earlier stage. Preferential loans should be given to support the project that has been in the stage of development. In addition, the enterprises that have carried out the work in foreign countries should be in line with the principle that regards themselves as one of local members to make successful cross-cultural management; learn to comply with local rules and regulations as well as special rules concerning ecology and environmental protection; attach importance to comprehensive recycling, and create innovative management system. This paper ifnally proposes that in the course of implementing the strategy of “going global”, the preliminary work must be done by the geological exploration units, and then national large ifrms follow up. In this way, community of interests that linked by equity will be formed.