三维可视化在婴幼儿髋关节发育不良超声影像学中的应用

Application of 3D in ultrasonic imaging of infants with developmental dysplasia of the hip

目的通过三维重建技术对婴幼儿髋关节及其周围解剖结构骨形态特征进行重建与二维超声图像拟合以及图像的匹配,从而实现对婴幼儿髋关节发育状况的正确评价。方法选取婴幼儿新鲜尸体标本20具(其中男10具,女10具),行64排螺旋CT骨盆扫描,将测量数据应用Amira 5.4.5软件建立髋关节三维图像,观察其骨形态特征及彼此的空间形态位置关系并进行二维超声平面的确定及超声图像的测量。结果二维超声髋关节冠状切面标准图像α、β角测量结果分别为(59.5±0.8)°、(56.2±0.5)°,三维虚拟现实图像α、β角测量结果分别为(61.5±0.4)°、(53.3±0.4)°,两者比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论三维可视化图像能够清晰显示髋关节骨形态结构并进行二维超声平面的确定及超声图像的测量,验证了二维超声法可以准确地评价婴幼儿髋关节发育状况,二维超声法可以作为婴幼儿发育性髋关节脱位首选的检查方法。

Objective To reconstruct the hip joint and bone morphology of surrounding anatomical by three-dimension- al （3-D） reconstruction, two dimensional ultrasound images fitting and image matching, reconstruction of anatomy of the infant hip, evaluate the accurate of the development of infant hip. Methods CT scanning images from fresh infant corpse specimen （males 10, females 10）, were transform into Amira 5.4.5 software, 3-D models of hip joint and bone morphology were reconstructed. The two dimensional ultrasound planes were determined. And then 3-D model images were compared to the measurement of ultrasonic images. Results In two dimensional ultrasound coronal images, the al- pha and beta angle were （59.5_＋0.8）° and （56.2_＋0.5）° respectively. The alpha and beta angle in 3-D model images were （61.5±0.4） and （53.3±0.4）°, there were no statistically significant differences between two groups （all P 〉 0.05）. Con- dusion 3-D visual images can clearly reproduce the actual osseous anatomy, which can be invaluable for the determi- nation the two-dimensional plane and measurement of ultrasonic image, which could verified the two-dimensional ul- trasound. It could be used for infant developmental hip oint dislocation preferred inspection method.