神话的图像叙事:明代丽江壁画研究

Image Narration in Mythology: a Study on Lijiang Fresco of Ming Dynasty

丽江壁画始创于明代并存留至今,它展现的是丽江纳西族木氏土司所崇奉的释道众神形象,而寓言性的附加意义则蕴藏于图像表层之下——白沙壁画是木氏土司集体性心理图式和王朝观的视觉呈现,是由图像符号讲述的神话,壁画的视觉形式之中寄寓了西南边疆政权的上层政治精英对国家、地方和族群的文化想象。身处汉藏夹缝之中的纳西族木氏历时数代经营宫室壁画,凭借图像来进行叙事,界定族群身份,并表述帝国、边疆、华夏夷狄的族群与空间格局。

Lijiang fresco is created in Ming Dynasty and is retained till today.It displays images of gods in Buddhism and Taoism.Those gods are worshiped by chieftains of Naxi people.The images of gods reflect the chieftains＇ mental schema and their views toward their dynasty and express their cultural imagination about nation,locality and ethnic groups.The Naxi people,struggling to survive between the Han people and the Zhuang people,make palace and house fresco for several generations.They,through the images of the fresco,define identities of ethnic groups,express their ideas about empire,frontier,ethnic minority groups and landscape spatial pattern.