实时荧光PCR技术和细菌培养法检测妊娠晚期孕妇定植B群链球菌临床分析

Clinical analysis of real-time fluorescent PCR technique and bacterial culture for detecting colonization of group B Streptococcus in late pregnant women

目的探讨应用实时荧光PCR技术和细菌培养法检测妊娠晚期孕妇定植B群链球菌(GBS)的敏感性。方法采集孕妇生殖道-直肠分泌物拭子2份,一份标本用普通细菌培养法、另一份用实时荧光PCR技术检测生殖道GBS。比较两种方法的准确性、快速性。308例孕妇根据实时荧光PCR检测分为GBS阳性组与GBS阴性组,通过对比较分析GBS与发生胎膜早破的关系。结果将308例孕妇进行生殖道GBS检测,用普通细菌培养法进行培养有18例阳性,阳性率5.8%(18/308),实时荧光PCR检测有29例阳性,阳性率9.4%(29/308)。在PCR检测GBS阳性组中,发生胎膜早破9例,发生率为31%。在PCR检测GBS阴性组中,发生胎膜早破33例,发生率为11.83%。结论该次调查结果显示实时荧光PCR技术的阳性检出率明显高于细菌培养法,应用该法检测技术为GBS的快速诊断以及更加准确有效地进行抗菌药物预防提供了依据。

Objective To investigate the sensitivity of the real-time fluorescence PCR technique and the bacterial culture for detecting the colonization of group B Streptococcus（GBS）in late pregnant women.Methods 2 specimens were collected from preg-nant women genital tract-rectal secretions swabs,one specimen for conducting the bacterial culture and another for conducting the real-time PCR technique to detect genital GBS.The accuracy and rapidness were compared between the two methods.308 cases of pregnant women were divided into the GBS positive group and the GBS negative group according to the detection results of the real time real-time fluorescence PCR technique.The relation between the occurrence of premature rupture of membranes with GBS was investigated by the comparative analysis.Results Among 308 pregnant women with GBS detection,18 cases were positive by the ordinary bacterial culture with the positive rate of 5.8%（18/308）,while 28 cases were positive by the real-time fluorescent PCR with the positive rate of 9.4%（29/308）.In the GBS positive group detected by PCR,the premature rupture of membranes occurred in 9 cases with the positive rate of 31%,while in the GBS negative group detected by PCR,which occurred in 33 cases with the pos-itive rate of 11.83%.Conclusion This survey shows that the positive detection rate of the real-time fluorescent PCR technique is significantly higher than that of the bacterial culture method,the application of this detection technique for detecting GBS provides the basis for rapidly diagnosing GBS and conducting the prophylactic use of antibacterial drugs more accurately and more effectively.