共混改性聚酯纤维的吸湿性能研究

Study on the Hydrophilic Properties of Polyester Staple Fiber by Melt Blending

利用设计开发的高亲水母粒与常规聚酯进行共混,对共混物的熔融与结晶行为进行了表征。合成的亲水性母粒与常规聚酯共混过程中具有良好的相容性,对不同添加量的改性聚酯的吸湿性进行了测试,建立了共混物表面接触角与吸水率对母粒添加量的关系曲线。选择添加6%的母粒进行试生产,对制备的短纤维进行力学性能、吸湿性能的表征。研究表明:改性聚酯短纤维具有良好的吸湿性能,通过纤维碱减量试验,结合扫描电镜表征手段对改性机制进行了进一步研究。经碱减量处理的改性纤维吸湿性呈下降的趋势,且随着碱浓度增加纤维表面的凹槽增加,分析推测亲水母粒分布在纤维的表面,从而改善了聚酯的吸湿性。

The melting and crystallization behavior of polyester （PET）/self-prepared hydrophilic master- batch blends were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. The results showed that hydrophilic masterbatch and PET had a good compatibility. The surface wettability and water absorption of modified polyester with series content of hydrophilic masterbatch were measured. The relationship between moisture absorption of blends and content of masterbatch was established. The blend of addition of 6 % masterbatch relative to PET was prepared for melt spinning. The mechanical property and hygroscopic property of modified staple fiber were evaluated. The modified staple fiber had better moisture absorption than conventional staple fiber with same specification. The moisture absorption property of modified staple fiber showed a downward trend after alkali treatment. The surface microscope of modified stable fiber by scanning electron microscope （SEM） demonstrated that groove structure of staple fiber increased with increasing alkali concentration. It was assumed that the hydrophilic masterbatch distributed mainly on the surface of the fiber and after alkali treatment process, part of hydrophilic masterbatch was etched off and led to the reduce of hygroscopic property.