广东省城市居民食物和营养素摄入现状及变化趋势

Status and change trend of food consumption and nutrients intake in urban population of Guangdong province

目的描述广东省城市居民食物消费及营养素摄入现状及变化趋势。方法在广东省5个城市调查点选取3 154户7 421人进行调查,膳食调查采用连续3 d 24 h回顾法,调味品消费量采用称重法。结果广东省城市居民平均每标准人日粮谷类食物摄入量为240.1 g,蔬菜为302.1 g,水果为58.4 g,畜禽肉类为157.3 g,水产品类为50.4 g,蛋类及其制品为25.0 g,奶类及其制品为44.3 g,豆类及其制品为7.9 g,食用油摄入量为30.2 g,食盐为7.6 g,酱及酱油为10.2 g;城市居民每标准人日能量平均摄入量为7 173.7 kJ,蛋白质为69.4 g,脂肪为74.4 g,碳水化合物为196.0 g,视黄醇当量为176.7μg,核黄素为0.9 mg,硫胺素为0.9 mg,钙为415.5 mg;与1992年比较,能量、脂肪、蛋白质、碳水化合物摄入呈下降趋势。结论广东省处于经济转型升级时期,城市居民食物消费及营养素摄入发生变化,需加强合理营养、平衡膳食的宣传教育。

Objective To describe the status and change trend of food consumption and nutrients intake in urban population of Guangdong province. Methods The study used the food information based on 24-hour dietary recall method for 3 consecutive days and weighting method. Totally 7 421 residents from 3 154 households were randomly sam- pled from 5 cities in Guangdong province. Results The average food consumption per reference man per day in the population included 240. 1 g cereals,302. 1 g vegetables,58.4 g fruits, 157.3 g meat,50. 4 g fishery products,25.0 g eggs,44. 3g milk,7. 9 g bean products,30. 2 g edible oil,7.6 g salt,and 10. 2 g soy sauce. The average nutrients intake per reference man per day were 7 173.7 kJ energy,69.4 g protein,74.4 g fat, 176. 7μg retinol equivalent,0. 9 mg riboflavin,0. 9 mg thiamin,and 415.5 mg calcium, respectively. The average energy, protein and fat intake were decreasing during the 20 years. Conclusion With the transformation and upgrading of economic condition, the food consumption and nutrient intake changed among urban residents of Guangdong province and education on balanced diet and reasonable nutrition should be conducted in the residents.