城市失能老人家庭照顾者社会支持需求的质性研究

Qualitative Research on the Needs of Social Support for Family Caregivers of Disabled Elderly in Urban Areas

目的了解失能老人家庭照顾者的经历,挖掘其对社会支持的需求情况,为社会支持工作的开展提供理论基础。方法采用质性研究中的现象学方法,对18名为失能老人提供主要照顾的家庭照顾者进行半结构式访谈,并用现象学分析法进行资料分析。结果相较于家庭而言,社区为照顾者提供的支持较少;照顾者所需的社会支持主要表现在信息支持、物质支持、情感支持、陪伴支持4个方面。结论照顾者在照顾老人过程中身心承受着沉重的压力,应为其提供有效的社会支持。

Objectives To understand the experience of family caregivers of the disabled elderly,and to explore their so-cial support needs to provide fundamental basis for social support work.Methods Eighteen family caregivers were inter-viewed by semi-structured interview method.The data was analyzed by phenomenological analysis methods.Results Sup-port obtained from community was less than that from family.The social supports that the caregivers needed were informa-tion support,material support,emotional support and social companionship support.Conclusions The family caregivers are undergoing severe psychological,physiological and social pressures,thus comprehensive social supports should be provided.