1Adeghe, A, 'The Other Half of the Story: Nigerian Women Telling Tales', in The Pressures of the Text: Orality, Texts and the Telling of Tales [A]. edited by S. Brown, Birmingham: Birmingham University Press, 1993:118.
2Kassam, Margaret Hauwa. "Behind the Veil in Noah Nigeria: The Writing of Zaynab Alkali and Hauwa Ali." [A].In Writing African Women: Gender, Popular Culture and Literature in West Africa, edited by Stephanie Newell, London: Zed Books, 1997:117-25.
3Lao Tzu, Tao Te Ching [M], Authur Waley Trans. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. 1998:22, 76.
4Salih, Tayeb. Season of Migration to the North [M].New York: nyrb, 2009:4.