干细胞的异常分化与肿瘤发生

Relationship between abnormal differentiation of stem cells and tumorigenesis

干细胞是一类具有自我更新和多向分化潜能的细胞群体。越来越多的研究表明,干细胞异常分化可导致肿瘤。并且在肿瘤组织中存在部分细胞,它们具有干细胞的多种特性,被称为肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cell,CSC)。肿瘤干细胞理论的提出,为肿瘤的治疗与研究提供了新的方向。本文综述了正常干细胞异常分化、肿瘤干细胞的存在和特性、肿瘤干细胞靶向治疗的前景及所面临的问题等方面的研究进展。

Stem cells are a type of cell population with abilities of self-renewal and multiple-lineage differ-entiation potentials. A growing number of studies show that abnormal differentiation of stem cells may lead tocancer. Moreover, there is existing a type of cells in the tumor tissue, which are called cancer stem cells, havemultipotential stem cell nature. Cancer stem cell theory provides a new direction for the research and treat-ment of cancer. This review summarizes recent research progress of the abnormal differentiation of normalstem cells, the evidences of existence of cancer stem cells and their characters, and the research prospect aswell as challenges.