基于学生自主选择专业的分流模式实践与反思——以宁波大学为例

The Reflection on the Distribution Mode Based on the Students' Independently Selecting Profession——Take Ningbo University as an Example

按大类招生、大类培养是现代高校人才培养体系中的一项重大变革,其后的专业分流工作是其中的一个难点和亮点。文章通过调研国内高校,分析国外高校,结合宁波大学实践,探讨并构建了按学科大类招生下学生自主选择专业的分流模式。经过5年的实践,在扩大学生的选择空间、增强学生的选择意识、促使专业对本科教学的重视、优化专业布局方面取得一定的实践效果。文章还针对实践中存在的问题进行了反思,并提出改变招生策略、加强分流前思想教育、专业改造等应对措施。

To enroll and cultivate students in accordance with general discipline categories is one of the great transformations in talents cultivation system in contemporary universities, and the subsequent professional distribution has proved to be a highlight, as well as a difficulty yet. By studying and analyzing the practice of universities at home and abroad and based on the practice of Ningbo, University, this paper discusses and establishes the distribution mode that students independently selecting profession and students are enrolled according to general discipline categories. After 5 years practice, certain achievement has been made in broadening students choices, enhancing students awareness of selection, prompting the emphasis on undergraduate teaching and optimizing the layout of profession. In addition, this paper also reflects the existing problems in practice, and puts forward solutions to tion before distribution, professional transformation, alter enrollment strategies, strengthen ideological educaetc.