敏感地图在美国石油泄漏环境应急管理中的应用

The Application of Sensitivity Mapping for Oil Spills Environmental Emergency Management in USA

阐述了美国敏感地图项目的设计理念、地图集数据结构与产品组成,分别讨论了其在敏感资源保护策略的设计与制定、区域环境分析和污染风险评价,以及污染源管理等领域的应用。提出将敏感地图应用于我国海洋、河流、湖泊的生态环境评价、事故响应预案编制、事故责任与损失评估,为提升环境保护水平提供科学的借鉴平台。

This article elaborates on the design concept and data structures of sensitivity mapping in USA and discusses the success applications used in the fields of formulation of strategy for sensitive resource protec-tion,environmental analysis and pollution impact assessment of regional environment,and the management of pollution source.The sensitivity mapping could be used in the fields of ecological environmental assessment of o-cean,rivers and lakes,constitution of emergency plans,and estimation of the liability and damage of the acci-dent in China.A new reference platform will be provided for the future development of the environmental protec-tion in China.