地壳流体对地震活动的影响与控制作用

Influence and controlling of fluid in the crust on earthquake activity

地壳中普遍存在着流体,不仅在地壳动力过程中发挥重要作用,而且也极有可能在地震孕育与发生过程中起着不为人知的重要作用。这样的认识,越来越得到地质学家与地球物理学者们的认可。本文概括介绍了地壳流体对地震活动的空间分布、震源深度与强震活动周期的影响与控制作用,并提出了地壳硬夹层孕震与流体促震的假设。最后还介绍了通过流体控制地震活动并实现减轻地震灾害的思想。

Fluid is prevalent in the earth crust and it plays an important role in the crust dynamical processes. These points are approved by more and more geologists and geophyscists. The role of the fluid is no exception in the process of earthquake preparation and occurrence. In this paper, the influence and controlling of fluid to the spatial distribution of earthquake, depth of focus and active period of strong earthquake are briefly presented, and on the basis of them, a hypothesis that the earthquake is prepared in a strong-layer of the crust and promoted by the fluids is advanced. An idea on controlling earthquake activity and mitigating earthquake disasters by fluid is introduced.