摘要
正渗透技术是采用选择性渗透膜两侧渗透压差作为驱动力的一种膜分离过程.由于具有低能耗、低膜污染、高回收率等优势,正渗透技术近年得到了广泛的关注.介绍了正渗透技术的过程及特征,对正渗透技术的海水淡化、污水处理和能源开发方面进行了综述,在此基础上,对正渗透技术面临的挑战进行分析.今后,正渗透的膜制备方面应当注重解决由膜引起的内浓差极化、汲取液反向渗透等问题;汲取液配制和选择应关注能减小内浓差极化的汲取液.
Forward osmosis （FO） is a membrane separation process,in which the osmosis pressure difference across a selectively permeable membrane is used as the driving force.Since it has the advantages of low energy consumptions,low membrane foulings,a high recovery rate and so on,FO has been drawn much attention of researchers especially in recent years.In this paper,firstly,the technology process and characteristics of forward osmosis were introduced.Secondly,seawater desalination,sewage treatment and energy development with FO were reviewed.Lastly,the challenges faced by FO were summarized.In future,the key issue of manufacture of FO membrane should be focused on solving internal concentration polarization,reverse draw solution diffusion and so on,while the key issue of selection of draw solution is to reduce the internal concentration polarization of membranes.
出处
《膜科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第4期120-127,共8页
Membrane Science and Technology
基金
四川农业大学学科建设双支计划项目
关键词
正渗透
水处理
能源开发
渗透压差
forward osmosis
water treatment
energy development
osmosis pressure difference
