高效率轨道精测模式研究及精度分析

Research on efficient mode of measurement for railway and accuracy analysis

针对现有轨道精测效率较低的情况,提出一种改进的精测模式。改进模式通过改变全站仪的设站位置,减少设站次数,提高轨道精测的效率。对改进前后模式的精度进行分析,对于2种测量模式,调整量的精度相同。研究结果表明:轨道水平面调整量和高程调整量的精度主要受测量距离和天顶距的影响,其中高程的精度受天顶距的影响尤为显著,而水平角对水平面调整量和高程调整量的影响均较小。通过计算分析可知,在实际测量过程中,尽量减小全站仪与轨检小车棱镜的高程差能在很大程度上减小测量误差对高程调整量的影响。

In this paper,an improved mode of measurement for railway was proposed based on existing inefficient mode. The efficiency of measurement for railway was improved by changing the position of setting position to reduce times of setting position in the improved mode. The accuracy of measurement for both modes was the same through the analysis of precision. The results show that,the accuracy of the adjustment of the elevation and the horizontal plane is mainly affected by the distance and pitch angle. Thereinto,the accuracy of the adjustment of the elevation is significantly influenced by the pitch angle. However,the impact of horizontal angle has a relatively small effect on the accuracy of the adjustment of the horizontal plane and elevation. Finally,it can be found that minimizing the height difference between the total station and prism on track automatic detection system can largely reduce measurement errors on the elevation adjustment amount in the actual measurement process.