敦煌大曲中与戏剧相关曲辞考述

The Research of the Quci Related to Drama of Dunhuang Divertimento

敦煌所见五套大曲中与戏剧相关者共有四套。从内容看,四套曲辞中均有简单故事的推演,虽然情节较为简单,但故事主题明确,《阿曹婆辞》和《何满子辞》中有明显的代言叙事;从形式来看,四套曲辞均为用于歌舞表演的唱词,《剑器辞》和《苏莫遮五台山曲子》在演唱过程中具有相应的既定调式,并配有伴唱的舞蹈。这四套大曲通过歌舞的形式,借助不同调式的唱词叙述简单的故事,已经具备了歌舞戏的基本要素,应该属于唐代早期歌舞戏表演时的剧曲。

There are four sets of Quci related to drama in the five sets of Dunhuang divertimentos .From the content viewpoint , there is a simple story-telling in these four sets of Quci .Though the plots are simple , the themes of the stories are clear , and the first-person narrative is used apparently in two of these Quci .From the form point of view , these four sets of Quci are all lyrics for singing and dancing .Another two of these Quci have established the appropriate tunes during the performance with the accompanied dances .In the form of song and dance ,all these four sets of Quci have already had the basic elements of dance drama with different tune lyrics telling simple stories .And all these Quci should be considered as the dance drama song in early Tang dynasty .