粒子冲击钻井系统中粒子分选装置的研制

Research and development of the particle separation device in a particle impact drilling system

粒子冲击钻井过程中,能否快速高效地分离出已破碎粒子直接关系到粒子冲击钻井的效率。为此,以综合利用粒子旋转的离心力和外部注入气流的气流拖拽力来实现好、坏粒子分离的新思路为指导,设计出了由分选装置、引风机2个部分组成的粒子分选装置。进而通过调节电机转速和引风机的引风量参数,实验研究了分选装置的分离效果及其影响因素。结果认为:1钢粒子的分散性是影响分级效率和分离处理量的重要条件,获得较大力场可为获得较好分散创造有利条件;2钢粒子在分选装置中旋转越快,分选装置分级效率越高;3粒子直径越大,分选装置分级效率和处理量越大;4好坏粒子混合物中的坏粒子的相对含量会影响分级效率,坏粒子含量越低,分级效率越高。实验结果表明,设计的粒子分选装置能够有效实现好坏粒子的分离,这为粒子冲击钻井技术的实现提供了设备上的支持和理论上的保障。

Fast and efficient separation of broken particles is directly related to the efficiency in the process of particle impact drilling. For this purpose, this paper put forward a new idea of utilizing the centrifugal force of particle rotation and the air drag force of an external injected air flow to separate sound and broken particles. On this basis, we designed a particle separation device composed of a separation device and some induced draft fans. The separation effect and influencing factors of the separation device were studied in experiments through adjusting the motor rotation rate and air volume of draft fans. The following findings were obtained. （1） The grading efficiency and separation capacity will be decided by the steel particle dispersion; and a bigger force field can help create fa- vorable conditions for better dispersion. （2） The faster the steel particles rotate in the separation device, the higher the grading effi- ciency of the separation device; the larger the particle size, the stronger the grading efficiency and capacity of the device. （3） The relative content of broken particles in the mixed particles affects the grading efficiency, specifically the less the broken particle content, the higher the grading efficiency will be. Experimental results also validated that the designed particle separation device can effectively separate the sound and broken particles. This study provides mechanical and theoretical support for the realization of particle impact drilling technology.