行政裁量权滥用司法审查的瓶颈与突破——兼以《行政诉讼法》第5条与第54条为研究对象

The Bottleneck and Breakthrough of Administrative Discretion's Abusing Judicial Review——No. 5 and No. 54 of “Administrative Procedure”Law as the Research Objects

"裁量权像斧子一样,当正确使用时是件工具,它也可能成为伤害或谋杀的凶器"[1]。行政裁量权所具有的主观性、灵活性和选择性的特点决定着其存在滥用的风险,所以应当对行政裁量权进行合理规制。上个世纪90年代,我国初步建立行政裁量权滥用的司法审查制度,但模糊的审查标准导致行政裁量权滥用的司法审查常被"束之高阁"。文章首先阐明行政裁量权滥用司法审查所面临的困境,分析造成这种困境的根源。并在尊重行政裁量权价值的基础上,确立合理性审查原则、比例原则和行政裁量权滥用的情形,以此进一步完善行政裁量权滥用的司法审查制度。

Administrative discretion is like an axe,which is a tool when used correctly. Otherwise,it maybe becomes the dangerous weapon of injury or murder. The features of its subjectivity ,flexibility and selectivity determine its abusing risk ,so it should be reasonably limited. In the 90＆#39;s of 20th century,our country initially established the judicial review system of the abuse of administrative discretion,but unclear review criteria made it put on the shelf. This paper firstly expounds the plight of administrative discretion’s abusing judicial review and analyses its causes. And based on the respect of administrative discretion value,it establises reasonable review principles,proportion principles and the circumstances of administrative discretion abuse,in order to further improve the judicial review system of the abuse of administrative discretion .