基于Landsat数据的铁山港区红树林变迁及其驱动力分析研究

Analysis of Mangrove Changes and Its Driving Forces Based on Landsat Data in Tieshangang

红树林湿地是广西北部湾沿海地区重要的生态环境系统，具有御风消浪、促淤固滩、调节气候、保护生物多样性等重要作用。以LandsatMSS／TM／ETM＋多时相遥感图像为数据源，将归一化植被指数（NDVI）作为特征波段融入红树林遥感图像的合成，运用最大似然法提取了1977～2010年8个时相的红树林信息；并在此基础上分析了30多年间7个时期的红树林变迁动态特征及主要驱动因子。结果表明，在1977～2010年期间，红树林面积呈先增加后减少再增加，总体呈波动增长的趋势；引起这种波动变化的主要原因是围海造田、围海养殖和城市建设与发展以及建立红树林自然保护区。

Mangrove wetlands are important Guangxi Beibu Gulf coastal ecological environmental system with wave dissipation, siltation fixation, climate regulation, biodiversity protection and other important roles. With Landsat MSS/TM/ETM ＋ multi-temporal remote sensing image as the data source, the normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） as a characteristic band of mangrove synthesis image, using the maximum likelihood method to extract the mangrove information in 8 images during 1977 ~ 2010, and analyzes mangrove dynamic changes and main driving factors. The results show that during 1977 -2010, mangrove areas was growed fluctuatly and it dues to the changes in land reclamation, reclamation farming, urban construction and development and establishment of mangrove nature reserve.