秸秆与氮肥配施对小麦产量及氮素吸收利用的影响

Effect of Combined Use of Straw and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Wheat Yield and Nitrogen Utilization

通过田间试验,研究了玉米秸秆与氮肥混合基施对小麦产量、千粒重、氮素吸收利用率及氮素效益的影响。结果表明,氮肥基追比6∶4处理的小麦千粒重最高,为39.4 g,小麦产量以氮肥基追比7∶3处理最高,其次为氮肥基追比6∶4处理,且两处理间差异不显著;从氮素吸收利用率及氮素效益来看,氮肥基追比6∶4处理值均为最高。本试验条件下,氮肥基追比6∶4处理为最佳处理,其次为氮肥基追比7∶3处理,秸秆还田条件下适宜增加前期氮肥投入有利于小麦生长及提高肥料利用效率。

The effect of combined use of straw and nitrogen fertilizer on wheat yield , thousand-kernel weight, nitrogen use rate and nitrogen benefit were studied by field experiments .The results indicated that the thousand-kernel weight was the highest as 39 .4 g when treated with nitrogen at the ratio of basal to dressing as 6∶4.The yield was the highest when treated by nitrogen at the ratio of basal to dressing as 7∶3, and then the one at the ratio of 6∶4 , but there were no significant differences between them .The nitrogen use rate and nitrogen benefit were the highest when treated by nitrogen at the ratio of basal to dressing as 6∶4 .So under the test conditions , the best treatment was nitrogen at the ratio of basal to dressing as 6∶4 combined with full corn straw returning , followed by the treatment with nitrogen at the ratio of 7∶3 .Under the condition of straw retur-ning, optimally increasing nitrogen amount at earlier stage could promote wheat growth and improve nitrogen u -tilization.