氨基酸环内酸酐开环聚合制备多肽聚合物及其应用进展

Progress in Syntheses and Applications of Polypeptides and Polypeptide-based Copolymers by NCA Polymerization

氨基酸类聚合物具有良好的生物相容性及可降解性,逐渐成为重要的生物医药材料.通过氨基酸环内酸酐(NCA)开环聚合可以得到聚氨基酸,或者氨基酸与非氨基酸共聚物.该方法具有简便、高效及产率高等优点,且聚合物分子量及分子量分布可控.本文归纳总结了NCA开环聚合的原理,NCA单体和多肽聚合物的合成方法,聚氨基酸在水凝胶、多肽膜、多肽粘结剂、抗菌肽及自组装等领域的应用,利用聚乙二醇、聚酯、硅氧烷和壳聚糖等修饰聚氨基酸的进展,并展望了该领域未来发展方向.

Polypeptides and their hybrid copolymers have aroused much attention in biomedical fields due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. N-Carboxyanhydrides （NCA） can be polymerized into polypeptides and their hybrid copolymers via ring-opening polymerization with high efficiency and high yield. Also ,polymers synthesized by this method have controlled chain length and molecular weight distribution. In this review, we have summarized the mechanism of NCA ring-opening polymerization, the methods for synthesizing NCA monomers, syntheses of polypeptides and polypeptide-based copolymers, and their applications in hydrogel, membranes, adhesives, antimicrobial vesicles and self-assembly, etc. We also highlight the solution behaviors of polypeptide-based copolymers which can form many functional nanostructures perspectwe on such as antibacterial polymer vesicles for anticancer drug delivery. Finally,we put forward the the research of polypeptide and polypeptide hybrids.