走在改革的征途上:关于日本“学习共同体”的研究及启示——华东师范大学终身教授钟启泉专访

On the Way of Reform: Study of the "Learning Community" in Japan and Its revelation——a Special Interview with Professor Zhong Qiquan from East China Normal university

佐藤学教授在日本国内提出"学习共同体"之时,日本基础教育正处于危机层层加剧、反省节节高涨的时期。随着多种多样改革方案的实施,中小学教育陷入迷惘和混乱状态,教师、学生和家长一直探索,究竟该改革什么、如何改革,才能创造更幸福的学校生活、为学生准备更幸福的未来。我国和日本在当今全球化时代面临着相似的危机和困惑,佐藤学教授认为,创建学习共同体的改革,将作为主导整个东亚学校建设的21世纪哲学和愿景,以势如破竹之势迅速普及。多年来长期关注日本基础教育发展的华东师范大学钟启泉教授,与佐藤学教授有着三十年的珍贵友谊,钟教授多年来不辞辛苦,把佐藤学教授的一系列研究著作翻译介绍给我国广大中小学教师和教育研究者。2014年,钟启泉教授亲自翻译的佐藤学又一著作《学校见闻录:学习共同体的实践》出版,本刊记者就"学习共同体"与传统教学的区别、背后深层思想支撑、在实践中的反映以及对我国基础教育发展的启示等一系列相关问题,对钟启泉教授进行了访谈。钟启泉教授,华东师范大学课程教学与比较教育研究所名誉所长、博士生导师,教育部基础教育课程改革工作组组长,日本国京都大学客座教授。专攻比较教学论、课程论、国际教育学。海内外发表论文190多篇,著作23部。其代表作《现代课程论》出版以来多次获奖。

Japanese basic education was in an ever-increasing crisis with hot responses to it when o professor Sato Manabu presented the concept ＂learning community＂ in Japan. With various reform programs put into practice, school education fell into a state of confusion and uncertainty. Teachers, students and parents have kept exploring what the reform should do to create a happy school life and a better future for students. Since China and Japan have faced a similar crisis and confusion in today＇s globalization era, professor Sato holds that to create a learning community as a way of reform can be seen as the philosophy and vision of 21st century leading to the entire school construction in east Asia, which has now been rapidly developed everywhere. Professor Zhong Qiquan from East China Normal University who has kept a precious friendship with Sato Manabu for 30 years, has been long concerned about the development of basic education in Japan. He has taken pains in translating a series of Sato＇s study works for China＇s teachers and education researchers, including the latest publication in 2014 of his work （（School Observations： the Practice of Learning Community））. This paper is a special interview by the correspondent of our journal with professor Zhong Qiquan to discuss a series of issues relating to the difference between ＂learning community＂ and traditional teaching, the deep and supporting thoughts behind it and the reflection from the practice, and its enlightenment for the development of basic education in China.