2009—2013年平顶山市手足口病病原学特征分析

Analysis on etiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Pingdingshan City from 2009-2013

目的了解平顶山市2009—2013年手足口病病原学特征,为平顶山市手足口病防治提供科学依据。方法采用反转录聚和酶链反应(RT-PCR)或实时荧光RT-PCR的方法,对送检的手足口病标本进行肠道病毒通用型、肠道病毒71型(EV71)、和柯萨奇病毒A16型(CoxA16型)特异核酸检测。结果平顶山市2009—2013年手足口病实验室诊断病例为1 918例,2009—2012年优势病原为EV71,2013年优势病原为CoxA16;不同月份优势病原有所不同;市区和郊县病原构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同性别间病原构成差异无统计学意义(P=0.072),不同职业间病原构成差异有统计学意义(P=0.010),不同年龄组间差异无统计学意义(P=0.350),重症病例与普通病例病原构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),且EV71比例与重症率呈正相关(r=0.806)。结论平顶山市要加强手足口病病原学监测,有效控制手足口病的蔓延。

[ Objective] To understand the etiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease （HFMD） in Pingdingshan City from 2009-2013, provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of HFMD. [ Methods] The specimens were tested to identify the universal enterovirus I EV）, human enterovirus 71 [EV71） and coxsackie virus A16 （CoxA16） by RT-PCR or real time RT-PCR. [Results] There were 1 918 HFMD cases of laboratory diagnosis in Pingdingshan City from 2009-2013. The dominant pathogen was EV71 daring 2009-2012, while CoxA16 was dominant in 2013. The dominant pathogen has changed in different months. There was significant difference in the pathogenic form between urban and rural area （P 〈0.001 ）. The difference in the pathogenic form between males and females was not significant （ P = 0. 072 ）. There was significant difference in the pathogenic form among different career groups [P =0.010）. The difference in the pathogenic form among different age groups was not significant （ P =- 0. 350 ）. There was significant difference in the pathogenic form between severe cases and mild cases （ P 〈 0. 001 ） , and the proportion of EV71 was positively correlated to the rate of severe cases （r = 0. 806）. [ Conclusion ] It is important to strengthen the etiological surveillance of HFMD in Pingdingshan City, to effectively control HFMD.