同伴教育对大学生艾滋病认知及行为影响效果评价

Effect evaluation of influence of peer education on AIDS knowledge and behavior among college students

目的探讨同伴教育对在校大学生艾滋病(AIDS)认知及行为的影响效果,为制定高校预防AIDS策略提供依据。方法选择西安市5所高校实施AIDS同伴教育,半年后对1 109名学生进行问卷调查。按照学生是否接受过同伴教育将学生分为2组,即干预组(实施同伴教育组)和对照组。比较2组间对AIDS的认知及性行为和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)检测情况。结果未接受过同伴教育的大部分学生知道AIDS的主要传播途径,但对一般的生活接触能否传播AIDS认识比较模糊,经同伴教育半年后对AIDS的认知明显提高,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。接受过同伴教育的学生首次性行为和最近1次性行为使用安全套的比例高于对照组(51.3%和57.1%;59.0%和78.6%),但是差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);同伴教育组大学生最近1年接受过HIV检测的比例为6.7%,大大高于对照组的1.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.3,P<0.01)。结论对大学生及早实施同伴教育不仅能提高AIDS认知并能提高安全套使用率和HIV抗体检测率,对预防AIDS有重要意义。

[ Objective ] To discuss the effect of peer education on AIDS knowledge and behavior among college students, provide basis for formulating the AIDS preventive strategies in universities. [ Methods] Five universities in Xi＇an were selected to give peer ed- ucation, after half a year, 1109 students were given questionnaire survey. According to whether the students received peer education or not, students were divided into intervention group （ receiving peer education ） and control group. The awareness of AIDS, sexual behavior and the detection of HIV between two groups were compared. [ Results ] Most of the students in the control group know the main route of transmission of AIDS, but the awareness of whether life contact can spread AIDS or not was fuzzy. The awareness of AIDS was significantly increased in the intervention group after half a year peer education, compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈0.01 ）. The rate of condom using in the first or latest sexual behavior among intervention group students was higher than that among control group students （ 51.3 % ＆57.1% ; 59.0% ＆78.6% ） , but the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉 0.05 ）. The rate of HIV testing among intervention group in recent years was 6.7% , significantly higher than that among control group （ 1. 1% ）, the difference was statistically significant （ χ2 = 25.3, P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] Early implementation of peer education among college students can not only improve the awareness of AIDS, but also can improve the rates of condom using and HIV antibody detection, which have important significance to the AIDS prevention.