毕节市开展消除麻风病危害普查效果分析

Effect analysis of eliminating leprosy hazard census in Bijie City

目的实施消除麻风病危害普查,最大限度地发现患者,加速毕节市实现消除麻风病危害。方法政府参与,逐级签订目标责任书;加强宣传培训工作,开展村民和学生皮肤病检查,发现麻风病确诊和可疑病例逐级上报,并对2012年1—6月的普查结果和2013年情况进行对比分析。结果召开县(区)级以上消除麻风病危害工作会议24次,举办233期培训班,村民走访82 629人,村民和学生皮肤病检查率分别为94.03%和92.64%,报告麻风病可疑线索1 984条。2012年与2013年新发现麻风病例情况比较:多菌型(MB)、2级畸残率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05和P<0.01),发现方式构成比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论开展消除麻风病危害普查能有效发现麻风病例,麻风病疫情仍较严峻,今后工作重点是加强麻风病早期症状监测和麻风病知识宣传,实施政府行政干预,通过主动走访、线索调查、接触者检查、报病奖励等方式,及时发现、诊断及规则治疗麻风新病例,减少传播,消除麻风危害。

[ Objective] To carry out the eliminating leprosy hazard census, find the patients, accelerate the achievement of eliminating leprosy hazard in Bijie. [ Methods ] Government participating, the target responsibility was signed step by step. Propaganda and training work was strengthened, skin diseases among villagers and students were detected, suspected and definite cases were reported step by step, the census results from January to June in 2012 and the status in 2013 were compared and analyzed. [ Results] Working meeting of eliminating leprosy hazard at county level and above were held 24 times, 233 training classes were held, 82 629 villagers were visited, the detection rates of skin disease among villagers and students were 94.03% and 92.64%, 1 984 suspicious clues of lepriasis were reported. New discoveries of leprosy cases in 2012 and 2013 were compared： the differences of multibacillary （MB） and secondary deformity and disability rate were statistically significant （ P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] Eliminating leprosy hazard census can effectively find leprosy cases, leprosy epidemic is still serious. The focus of the future work is strengthening the early symptoms monitoring of lepriasis and leprosy knowledge propaganda, implementation of the government administrative intervention, timely discovering, diagnosis and treating of the new cases by visiting, clue screening, contract tracing and reward to reduce the transmission and eliminate the leprosy hazard.