北京市怀柔区首例人感染H7N9禽流感病例流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of first human infection H7N9 avian influenza in Huairou District of Beijing

目的分析北京市怀柔区首例人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例流行病学特征,为防控提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学调查和实验室检测相结合的方法,阐述病例的流行病学特征、实验室检测结果、可能的感染来源及进一步的溯源调查结果等。结果初步判断病例感染的风险因素为活禽及活禽市场暴露史,感染关键来源是其暴露的N市场活禽交易点,感染原因是其在手部有冻裂伤口,在没有效防护措施的情况下直接接触已被H7N9禽流感病毒感染的物品或活禽排泄物。该调查未发现人传人的现象。结论活禽或活禽交易市场暴露史是H7N9禽流感病例的关键风险因素,应广泛开展H7N9禽流感防治知识的宣传教育,同时扩大禽类暴露高危人群的监测,以做到早发现、早报告、早诊断和治疗,从而有效控制疫情发展。

[ Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of first human infection H7N9 avian influenza case in Huairou District of Beijing, provide basis for prevention and control. [ Methods ] Field epidemiological investigation and laboratory detection method were adopted to elaborate the epidemiological characteristics, laboratory detection results, possible sources of infection and further investigation results. [ Results ] The risk factors of infection preliminarily judged were live-bird and exposure history of livebird market. The key source of infection was live-bird trading posts of N market which the case exposed. The way of infection was directly contacting the goods infected by H7N9 avian influenza virus or excreta of live-bird in the condition of his hand with frost crack wound and having not effective protective measures. This investigation did not find the phenomenon of human-to-human transmission. [ Conclusion] Live-bird or exposure history of live-bird market are the key risk factors of HTN9 avian influenza cases. We should extensively carry out the health education of HTN9 avian influenza prevention and control, expand the monitoring of high risk groups, do early detection, reporting, diagnosis and treatment to control the epidemic development.