六安市2008～2012年城区生活饮用水监测结果分析

Monitoring results of drinking water in urban area of Lu'an city from 2008 to 2012

目的了解六安市城区生活饮用水卫生状况,为改进市政供水卫生质量和卫生监督工作提供科学依据。方法按国家标准对水样进行采集、检测和评价,对六安市城区2008~2012年生活饮用水进行抽样监测,共采集水样697份,分别对感官性状、一般化学指标、毒理学指标、微生物指标和消毒剂指标进行检测。结果六安市2008~2012年城区生活饮用水水质合格率分别为81.06%、88.64%、91.08%、93.45%、99.07%;主要不合格指标是浑浊度、硝酸盐氮、游离余氯、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群等;丰水期与枯水期水质合格率差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.325,P〉0.05）;新水厂与老水厂水质合格率分别为95.90%和87.64%,差异有统计学意义（χ2=12.633,P〈0.01）。结论六安市城区生活饮用水卫生状况趋于良好,但有部分指标超标,饮用水水质存在一定卫生安全隐患,应加强对供水单位的监督管理。

Objective To analyze and grasp the current hygienic condition of drinking water in the urban area of Lu’an city,so as to provide scientific basis for directing health inspection and as improving the quality of municipal water supply.Methods The drinking water samples were collected,tested and evaluated according to national standard and the data from 2008 to 2012 were analyzed. Results From 2008 to 2012,the qualified rate were 81. 06%,88. 64%,91. 08%,93. 45%,99. 07%,respectively,with an average rate of 90. 53%. Unqualified indicators mainly included turbidity,nitrate nitrogen,free chlorine residual,total coli-group,thermo tolerant coli-forms. The qualified rate of drinking water could be ordered from top to bottom： out-waterworks water,and terminal tap water. There was significant difference of qualified rate among each month（ χ2= 26. 621,P 〈 0. 01）. There was no significant difference between dry season and rainy season（ χ2= 0. 325,P 〉 0. 05）. There was also significant difference between qualified rate of the new waterworks（ 95.90%） and the old one（ 87. 64%）,（ χ2= 12. 633,P 〈 0. 01）. Conclusion The overall hygienic condition of drinking water in the urban area of Lu’an city has teen improved yearly. However,with some indicators exceeding the limits,health hazard still remained. Supervision on water suppliers should be strengthened.