评汉语词典“对等”的定义和误译“对等翻译”中的“对等”——汉语“对等”即对等、与“完全对等”同义、非“大体对等”

Critic Comments on the Definitions of Duideng in the Chinese Dictionaries

汉语词典对"对等"一词的定义不一致。《现代汉语词典》《当代汉语通用词典》和《现代汉语辞海》的定义只有一个。《新华字典》和《高级汉语大词典》的定义有两个。一个与上面3部词典的定义相同,另一个与上面3部词典的定义不一样,将"对等"解释为"大体对等"。"对等翻译"被视为中国翻译界的理论经典和金科玉律,译自奈达及当代西方翻译理论家的理论术语、意义为"对当"的equivalent。"对等翻译"原理受到中国学术精深的翻译理论家的强烈反对,他们认为翻译中存在不可译,翻译不可能对等。"对等"翻译论者引用《高级汉语大词典》的定义反驳说,汉语"对等"即大体对等,非绝对对等,使受到批评的"对等翻译"理论继续流行。

The definitions of Duideng in the Chinese dictionaries are different .Some dictionaries define it as only identical while other dictionaries define it as identical or approximate .Equivalent or equivalence is the central term of the Western translation theory and Nida ’ s translation theory , the meaning of which is approximate .The Chinese leading theorists misunderstood it and mis-translated it as duideng （ identical ） , which has been criticized since it came into China .The Chinese leading theorists who misunder-stood and mistranslated Equivalent or equivalence argued that the meaning of Chinese duideng is not identical but approximate .Seri-ous study shows that the meaning of Chinese duideng is only identical .