长春市2006—2007年采暖期大气降尘来源研究

Source Analysis of Atmospheric Dust During Heating Period from 2006 to 2007 in Changchun, China

研究长春市2006—2007年采暖期大气降尘的来源,采用电感耦合等离子体法分析降尘中的元素组成,应用富集因子法分析大气降尘中各元素的来源,应用化学质量平衡法分析各污染源的特征元素。结果表明:大气降尘样品中主要元素有As、Mn、Ca、Mg、Fe、Ti、Al、Pb、Zn和Cu;采暖期间长春市区的大气降尘首要来源是燃煤尘,其次是土壤风沙尘;降尘中各污染源特征元素是,建筑尘为Ca元素,土壤风沙尘为Al元素,机动车尾气尘为Pb、Zn元素,燃煤尘为Ti、Mn元素,道路尘为Fe元素;富集因子法和化学质量平衡法在元素的来源分析上具有很好的一致性。

The source of heating period atmospheric dust from 2006 to 2007 in Changchun, China was researched. The ion-coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy was used to analyze the elementary composition of the atmospheric dust, and the elemental enrichment factor（EF）method was used to inquire the dust origins. The chemical mass balance （CMB） method was employed to discuss the eigenelement of different pollution sources. The results show that As, Mn, Ca, Mg, Fe, Ti, A1, Pb, Zn and Cu elements are the major elements of the atmospheric dust. Coal dust is the major source, while soil dust contributes less of atmospheric dust in the heating period in Changchun. Ca, A1, Pb and Zn, Ti and Mn, Fe are the eigenelements for construction dust, soil dust, vehicle exhaust dust, coal dust and road cumulated dust respectively. The results of different source apportionment methodologies which are EF and CMB methods are consistent. Both of them can help to discuss the source of atmospheric dust.