5种杀菌剂对3种水生生物的急性毒性与安全性评价

Acute toxicity and safety assessment of five fungicides to three aquatic organisms

为评价吡唑醚菌酯、啶酰菌胺、嘧菌酯、戊唑醇和丙环唑5种杀菌剂对水生态的安全性,运用评价化学品对水生生物毒性的标准试验方法,测定了这5种杀菌剂对羊角月芽藻、大型溞和斑马鱼3种水生生物的急性毒性,并进行了安全性评价。结果表明,吡唑醚菌酯对大型溞48 h的EC50为0.0230 mg/L(a.i.),对斑马鱼96 h的LC50为0.0311 mg/L,均为剧毒;对羊角月芽藻72 h的EC50为0.451 mg/L,为中毒。啶酰菌胺对大型溞48 h的EC50为9.26mg/L,对斑马鱼96 h的LC50为2.90 mg/L,均为中毒;对羊角月芽藻72 h的EC50为13.1 mg/L,为低毒。嘧菌酯对羊角月芽藻72 h的EC50为0.165 mg/L,对大型溞48 h的EC50为0.221 mg/L,对斑马鱼96 h的LC50为0.817 mg/L,均为高毒。戊唑醇和丙环唑对羊角月芽藻72 h的EC50分别为1.95、0.772 mg/L,对大型溞48 h的EC50分别为4.83、3.88 mg/L,对斑马鱼96 h的LC50分别为4.66、2.47 mg/L,均为中毒。

In order to evaluate the safety of five fungicides to aquatic ecosystem, three standard test methods were applied to assess the toxicity effects of Pyraclostrobin, Boscalid, Azoxystrobin, Tebuconazole and Propiconazole on the three aquatic organisms： Selenastrum capricornutum, Daphnia magna and Donio rerio. The results indicated that the 48 h-EC50 of Pyraclostrobin to D. magna was 0.0230 mg/L （a.i.） and the 96 h-LC50 to D. rerio was 0.0311 mg/L, both were very high toxicity. The 72 h-EC50 of Pyraclostrobin to S. capricornutum was 0.451 mg/L, was medium toxicity. The 48 h-EC50 of Boscalid to 19. magna was 9.26 mg/L and the 96 h-LC50 to 1）. rerio was 2.90 mg/L, both were medium toxicity. The 72 h- EC50 of Boscalid to S. capricornutum was 13.1 mg/L, was low toxicity. The 72 h-EC50 of Azoxystrobin to S. capricornutum was 0.165 mg/L, the 48 h-EC50 to D. magna was 0.221 mg,/L and the 96 h-LC50 to D. rerio was 0.817 mg/L, all were high toxicity. The 72 h-EC50 of Tebuconazole and Propiconazole to S. capricornutum were 1.95 mg/L and 0.772 mg/L respectively, were medium toxicity. The 48 h-EC50 of Tebuconazole and propiconazole to D. magna were 4.83 mg/L and 3.88 mg/L, respectively, were medium toxicity. The 96 h-LC50 of Tebueonazole and Propiconazole to B. rerio were 4.66 mg/L and 2.47 mg/L respectively, were medium toxicity.