基于切尔诺夫界的量子密钥分发统计涨落分析方法

Method of Analyzing the Statistical Fluctuation in Quantum Key Distribution Based on Chernoff Bound

量子密钥分发(quantum key distribution,QKD)是量子信息科学的重要应用之一。在实际执行量子密钥分发协议时,由于有限码长的原因,实验得到的测量值受到统计涨落的影响。基于切尔诺夫界给出了一种严格的QKD中数据统计涨落的分析方法并将其应用到偏选基诱骗态QKD协议中,新的方法只要求每次测量独立同分布,对样本容量没有要求。仿真结果显示,新方法能取得和已有方法近似的结果。

Quantum Key Distribution is one of the most important applications of quantum information. In practical QKD experiments, the measured data suffer from statistical fluctuations because of the finite data size. This paper presents a rigorous method to analyze the statistical fluctuations in QKD based on Chernoff bound and applies it to the biased decoy-state QKD protocol. The method only requires that the measurements are independent, identically distributed, and there is no limit on sample size. The simulation results show that the presented method can get approximate results compared to existing approaches.