运动与健康:从运动健康效应评价到运动模拟药物开发

Exercise and Health: From Evaluation of Health-Promoting Effects of Exercise to Exploration of Exercise Mimetics

规律性耐力运动对收缩器官(骨骼肌)及远隔器官(心脏、脑、肝脏、脂肪等)均有健康促进效应。在骨骼肌中,运动通过调控PPARδ、AMPK、SIRT1及PGC-1α等一系列信号通路促进骨骼肌重塑。此外,收缩的骨骼肌合成"运动因子"(如IL-6、BDNF、Irisin等)并以内分泌方式释放入血,扩散并作用于远隔器官,是运动防治多种慢性疾病的重要途径。上述信号通路及"运动因子"成为开发"运动模拟"药物的靶向。本综述中,我们讨论了运动促进健康的生物学靶位及"运动模拟"药物开发的研究进展。

Regular endurance exercise promotes favorable structure and metabolism adaptations in contracting organ（ skeletal muscle） and ＂ far-sited＂ organ（ heart,brain,liver,adipose tissue）. Exercise induced skeletal muscle remodeling by activating a series of signaling and transcriptional circuitry（ e. g.,PPARδ,AMPK,SIRT1 and PGC-1α）. In addition,contracting skeletal muscle is an endocrine organ producing and releasing myokines（ e. g. IL-6,BDNF and Irisin）,which work in a hormone-like fashion,exerting specific endocrine effects on ＂ far-sited＂ organ. It has been suggested that myokines may contribute to exercise-induced protection against several chronic disease. In this review,we discuss recent discoveries that raise the possibility of synthetically mimicking exercise with pathway-specific drugs to improve health.