粪菌移植的研究现状、存在问题与发展方向

Research actuality,major problems and development direction of fecal microbiota transplantation

粪菌移植已经用于治疗难治性难辨梭状芽孢杆菌感染、炎症性肠病、腹泻型和便秘型肠易激综合征。但哪些患者适合用,哪些人适合做供体,怎么样是理想的移植方法等问题还没有完全解决,有关其机制、技术标准化、安全性评估等方面尚处于起步阶段,有待于深入研究。本文对FMT的研究现状、存在问题与发展方向作一介绍,并提出粪人工组合菌群移植是未来重要研究方向。

Human fecal microbiota transplantation（ FMT） has been used to treat clostridium difficile infection,inflammatory bowel diseases,diarrhea and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. However,some questions such as which patients are suitable for use,which are suitable to do the donor,what is the ideal transplantation method have not been fully resolved. The mechanism,technology standardization and safety assessment are still in their infancy,and need to be studied further. In this article,research actuality,major problems and development direction of FMT are introduced. Synthetic microbiota transplantation is an important future research direction.