缺磷胁迫对大豆植株磷素与干物质积累的影响

Effect of Phosphorus Deficiency Stress on Phosphorus and Dry Matter Accumulation in Soybean

磷是大豆体内重要化合物的组成因素,缺磷胁迫会影响大豆植株对磷素的吸收和分配,从而影响干物质的积累。通过采用砂培方法,自大豆V3期开始,连续进行4次缺磷处理,研究了缺磷胁迫对大豆植株磷素和干物质积累的影响。结果表明:在苗期至花期和花荚期缺磷胁迫,磷素由幼嫩向成熟生长和已成熟的叶部向外转移,以供给新生长的茎叶根和荚果对磷素的需要;苗期至花荚期缺磷处理对成熟和由幼嫩向成熟生长的叶片干物质积累影响不明显,说明叶片在向外输出磷素时,预留出自身生长需要的磷素;在结荚、鼓粒期缺磷胁迫,可导致成熟营养器官早衰;缺磷处理对干物质影响明显小于对磷素积累的影响,说明外界磷素供应不足时,大豆植株会更高效地利用磷素。

Phosphorus is an important compound composition of soybean plant.Phosphorus deficiency stress can affect the absorption and distribution of phosphorus in soybean,thus affecting the accumulation of dry matter.From V3 stage,four consecutive phosphorus deficiency treatments were set to determine the effect of phosphorus deficiency stress on phosphorus and dry matter accumulation of soybean with sand culture.The results showed that phosphorus shifted outwards from the young to mature and mature leaves to supply new growing leaves,stems,roots and pods needing for phosphorus in the seedling to flowering and flowering-podding phase phosphorus deficiency stress.The effect on dry matter accumulation of the young to mature and mature leaves was not obvious,illustrating that leaves had set aside their own growth needs of phosphorus when leaves phosphorus exported.Phosphorus deficiency stresses in the podding and seed-filling stages led premature senescence of mature vegetative organs.The effect of phosphorus deficiency treatment on dry matter accumulation was significantly less than phosphorus accumulation.It illustrated that when external phosphorus supply shortage,the soybean plants made use of phosphorus more efficiently.