问题与挑战:论人民法院对规范性文件的附带审查

Questions and Challenges:Comment on the People Courts' Attached Review of Normative Documents

本次行政诉讼法修正拟创设人民法院对规范性文件合法性的附带审查制度,这一制度具有审查模式的附带性、审查对象和处理方式的有限性、审查内容的特殊性等特点。这一制度是在改革时势和原有制度的双重压力下创设的,前一压力使得创设这一制度具有紧迫性和必然性,后一压力使得这一制度的创制需要注重度的把握。草案拟定方案的大部分内容具有相对合理性。这一制度不太可能发展成为类似国外的违宪审查制度,但可能发展出一套具有中国特色的司法与立法、行政联动的规范性文件审查机制。这一制度的具体操作"细则"宜由全国人大常委会以立法解释的方式作出。检察机关可以在这一制度中发挥积极的作用。

The amendment of administrative procedural law planed to establish the system of people’s courts’attached review of normative document,in which incidental review mode,limitations of examined objects and handing ways,and particularity of review contents would be included.The system was built under the pressure from both trend of reform,leading to urgency and inevitability to establish the system,and deficiencies of original system,focusing on the extent.Most of the schemes in the amendment had their relative rationality.It is unlikely to develop into a western style judicial review system but a review system of normative documents under joint of judicial organs,legislature and administrative authorities as Chinese characteristics.The details of the system’s operation would be worked out by the NPC Standing Committee as legislative interpretation.The procuratorial organs would play a positive role in the system.