频率副词“不时”的词汇化

The Lexicalization of the Frequency Adverb “Bushi”

频率副词"不时"来自否定结构"不时"。最初"不"和"时"之间的句法关系很明显,随着"时"句法环境的变化,"不+时+VP"这种组合形式也出现了。构式"不时VP"发生了重新分析,结构层次由[不+(时+VP)]变为[(不+时)+VP],随后"不时"逐渐凝固化、词汇化为频率副词,最终在元代完成。"不时"词汇化的动因是词汇的双音化、使用频率、主观化,词汇化的机制是重新分析。

The frequency adverb “Bushi” from the negative structure “Bu ＋ shi”. Initially it was very obvious that the syntactic relation- ship between“ Bu” and “shi”. With the syntactic environment of “shi” changing, this combination“ Bu ＋ shi ＋ VP”also appeared. The construction “BushiVP” took place reanalyzed. The hierarchy [ Bu ＋ （ shi ＋ VP） ] became [ （ Bu ＋ shi ） ＋ VP], then gradually “Bushi” was solidified into the frequency adverb, and ultimately completed in the Yuan Dynasty. Motivations of the lexicalization of “Bushi” are the change of disyllabic words,frequency, subjectivization and the mechanism of evolution is the reanalysis .