2008-2012年麻江县手足口病流行特征及病原学监测结果分析

Epidemiological characteristics and etiological surveillance of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)in Majiang county from 2008 to 2012

目的:了解2008-2012年麻江县手足口病的流行特征,为制订防控策略提供科学依据。方法:采用描述性流行病学方法对2008-2012年麻江县手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果:2008-2012年全县共报告手足口病例118例,发病率为11.93/10万,无重症和死亡病例。其中杏山镇发病数和发病率最高。4-7月为发病高峰。5岁以下婴幼儿占94.92%,1岁组儿童发病率最高,并随年龄增大,发病率逐渐降低。2008-2012年全县共检测手足口病例标本53份,病毒核酸阳性率为45.28%,其中EV71阳性率为11.32%;CA16阳性率为16.98%;其他肠道病毒阳性率为16.98%。结论:麻江县手足口病发病有明显年份、地区、季节、年龄差异,流行毒株以CA16和其他肠道病毒为主。应采取综合性预防控制措施预防该病的发生和降低流行强度。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and the dominant strain switchover of hand-foot-and-mouth disease（HFMD）in Majiang county from 2008 to 2012and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods The descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of HFMD in Majiang county obtained from the National Disease Reporting Information System during 2008-2012.Results A total of 118 HFMD cases were reported with the average annual morbidity of 11.93/lakh without one severe case and no deaths.The highest case number and incidence were reported in Xingshan town.Most cases appeared between April and July.94.92%of all cases were the children aged below 5years old.The incidence of the children aged1 year was the most highest in the population.The incidence of HFMD was reducing along with ages.The incidence of males was higher than females.A total 53 samples were detected from 2010 to 2012,The positive rates of enterovirus,EV71,CA16 and other enterovirus were 45.28%,11.32%,16.98%,and 16.98%,respectively.Conclusions There are significant differences of HFMD cases in year,geographic,time and age distributions in Majiang during 2008-2012.The predominant strains are CA16 and other enterovirus.Comprehensive measures have to be taken for HFMD control and prevention.