家庭影响青少年体育参与的理论模型构建

Model Construction of Mechanism About Family Influences on Adolescents Sports Participation

采用规范分析的方法,通过借鉴体育参与行为的期望—价值模型和约束—动机—行为关系模型的理论内涵,在分析和归纳家庭影响青少年体育参与前期相关研究成果的基础上,提出了家庭主体互动—家庭环境因素调节—子女体育参与的关系解释模型。其模型含义为家长在一定体育价值观的指导下,与子女形成不同形式的家庭主体互动。在家庭体育价值观向家庭主体互动转化的过程中,家庭环境因素发挥着重要的调节作用,在家庭环境因素调节下的家庭主体互动作用于青少年的成功预期和价值预期,从而影响着青少年的体育参与信念和行为。

The research is conducted on the basis of Expectation-Value Model and Constraints-Motivation-Behavior Model in sports participation. The paper adopts normative analysis method and then concludes that families will influence their ad- olescents in sports participation. It also proposes a new model to explain the relationship among Family Interaction-Family Environment Adjustment-Children＇ s participation in sports. It is thought that parents instructed by a particular sports value will interact with their children. During the period of time when family sports value transfers to family interaction, family environment plays a role of adjustment. Under the adjustment of family environment, family interaction affects their chil- dren＇ s success expectation and value expectation. All of these have an effect o~ their children＇ s belief and behavior in sports participation.