真实、合法:公证证明标准之新思考

A New Discussion on Notarized Proof Standard

2014年5月16日公布的《最高人民法院关于审理涉及公证活动相关民事案件的若干规定》中关于公证"过错"的认定再度引发了公证业界对公证证明标准的热议。长期以来,"真实"、"合法"作为公证证明的基本标准为社会各界所认同,实践中关于"真实"、"合法"的探讨也并不少见,但大都蜻蜓点水,仅停留于释法性的字面解读,致使原本耳熟能详的"真实"、"合法"之语在司法实践中却存在颇多歧见,让人无所适从。因此,有必要立足于公证实务需要,分门别类对"真实"、"合法"在公证证明标准语境下的多重语义进行梳理,才能更加全面理解"真实"、"合法"之内涵,确切把握"真实"、"合法"之尺度,理性对待公证"过错"责任。

＂Several provisions of the Supreme People＇ s Court on the trial of civil cases involving notary activi- ties＂ was promulgated on May 16,2014 and the regulations of notarial tort liability once again led to a heated discussion on the notarial certification standard. ＂Truth＂ and ＂legality＂ have long been recognized as the basic standard of notarized proof. In practice, the discussion about ＂truth＂ and ＂legality＂ is not uncommon, but mostly superficial and only stay in the literal interpretation of surface, resulting that there are many disputes on the familiar words of ＂truth＂ and ＂legality＂ in notarial practice and people don＇ t know what to do. So it＇ s necessary to base on the needs of notarial practice and respectively clarify multiple meanings of ＂truth＂ and ＂legality＂ as notarized proof standard, aiming at a more comprehensive understanding of their connotations, the exact grasp of their scales and rational judgment on notarial tort liability.