冰山模型视角下高校创新创业人才素质研究——基于福建省的实证分析

Research on the Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents' Qualities in Universities Based on the Perspective of the Iceberg Model ——An Empirical Analysis on Fujian Province

培养创新创业人才愈来愈成为高等教育热点。目前学界尚无关于高校创新创业人才素质的界定。借鉴冰山模型,通过调查、卡方检验及Lambda分析认为:高校创新创业人才除应具备人才的基础素质外,在表达能力、认识和把握规律、自我剖析、艺术与人文素养、想象力、洞察力、魄力、创新动力、创业激情和冒险精神等核心素质方面需更加突出。当前,社会评价高校毕业生总体上在核心素质方面较欠缺,其中尤以创新动力、创业激情和冒险精神为甚。这是我们加强高校创新创业人才培养的突破口之一,实践中应从改进人才培养模式结构、完善人才培养资源配置、强化人才核心素质提升等路径入手。

The education of innovative and entrepreneurial talents in universities is becoming a research hot spot in the field of higher education. In the literature, specific definitions on the quality of innovative and entrepreneurial talents are still blank. In the light of the Iceberg Model, the Sampling Survey, the Lamda Analysis, and the Chi-square Test, this paper observes that the innovative and entrepreneurial talents＇ qualities should not only contain basic qualities, but also characteristics of expression ability, recognition of laws of Nature, knowledge of self, artistic and humane, imagination, insight, charisma, innovative motivation, entrepreneurial enthusiasm, and adventurous Spirit. All of these core qualities count more than ever before. Currently, social evaluations on the graduates＇ qualities show that they largely lack core qualities, especially innovative motivation, entrepreneurial enthusiasm, and adventurous spirit. Therefore, it is what we need to crack to get it done in the course of strengthening the innovative and entrepreneurial talents education. In practice, we can take many approaches, such as promoting talents education model and structure, improving talents education resources distribution, and strengthening the promotion of talents＇ core qualities.