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骨水泥注射微创治疗椎体病理性骨折的治疗体会 被引量:5

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摘要 目的:研究骨水泥注射微创(椎体后凸成形术、经皮椎体成形术)治疗脊柱转移瘤伴病理性骨折中的作用,分析两者疗效的优劣、适应证的选择和并发症的防治。方法选择自2009年8月至2012年9月确诊为脊柱转移瘤致病理性骨折的患者43例(共127个椎体),其中28例(共68个椎体)行经皮椎体成形术( percutaneous vertebroplasty, PVP),15例(共59个椎体)行椎体后凸成形术( percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)。术后平均随访16个月(2-24个月),记录患者术前1 d、术后2 d、2周、6个月、12个月的疼痛视觉模拟评分( visual analogue scale,VAS)和患者的生活质量评分( quality of life,QOL),术后椎体后凸矫正率及1年后椎体高度丢失率,术后骨水泥渗漏率,并绘制生存曲线图。结果所有患者术后VAS分数均有不同程度下降,术后2周PVP组平均下降6.5分(4-7分),PKP组平均下降7分(5-8)分;术后1年PVP组平均下降4.5分(3-6分),PKP组平均下降5分(4-6分)。两组术前及术后对比,疼痛缓解率有统计学差异( P﹤0.01),两组间对比无统计学差异( P﹥0.05)。后凸畸形矫正率PKP组和PVP组分别为(68.72±3.23)%和(66.72±4.73)%,术后1年椎体高度再丢失率为(19.23±1.47)%和(21.32±2.68)%,两组对比无统计学差异( P﹥0.05)。PVP组术后发现骨水泥渗漏11例,渗漏率39.2%,PKP组术后发现骨水泥渗漏2例,渗漏率13.3%,均无临床症状。PVP、PKP组术后平均生存期分别为14.5个月(2-24个月)和16个月(3-24个月),所有患者均未发现相邻椎体肿瘤转移情况。结论经皮椎体成形术和椎体后凸成型术同为骨水泥微创注射技术,近远期疗效及生存预后无明显差异,PVP价格低廉且操作简单,但骨水泥渗漏率发生较高,PKP经改良后大大降低骨水泥渗漏的发生,对骨皮质不完整者建议行PKP治疗。椎体骨折较新鲜时(小于2个月),PKP恢复椎体高度可能性大,建议采用,而骨折时间较长者建议行PVP治疗。
出处 《实用骨科杂志》 2014年第8期740-743,共4页 Journal of Practical Orthopaedics
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二级参考文献28

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