黄沙鳖疖疮病的病原菌分离鉴定及药敏试验

Isolation, identification and antibiotic sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria from Trionyx sinensis with scabies

【目的】对广西崇左市某养鳖场患疖疮病的黄沙鳖(Trionyx sinensis)进行病原菌分离鉴定及药敏试验,为今后生产中有效防治黄沙鳖疖疮病提供参考。【方法】以常规方法从患病黄沙鳖肝脏和心脏取样进行细菌分离,经人工感染试验确定病原菌的致病性,用API20NE细菌鉴定系统和16SrRNA基因序列分析鉴定病原菌,采用K-B纸片扩散法进行药敏试验,并根据药敏试验结果选用高度敏感药物进行治疗。【结果】分离获得两株病原菌(X0805A和X0805B),经鉴定均为温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria);在构建的系统发育进化树中,两株病原菌与Aeromonas sobri NCIMB12065(X60412)菌株亲源关系最近,相似性达99.9%,与Aeromonas sobri ATCC 43979(X74683)的相似性为99.6%;两株病原菌的药敏试验结果基本一致,对先锋必、复达欣、头孢呋肟、氧氟沙星、菌必治、呋喃妥因等6种药物极度敏感,对阿米卡星、卡那霉素、链霉素、利福平、氟哌酸、庆大霉素等6种高度敏感,对苯唑青霉素、万古霉素、环丙沙星、复方新诺明、氨苄青霉素、先锋霉素Ⅴ、四环素、妥布霉素、先锋霉素Ⅵ及青霉素G等药物已产生耐药性。【结论】引起广西崇左市某养殖场黄沙鳖疖疮病的病原菌为温和气单胞菌,以先锋必拌料投喂并结合全塘泼洒二氧化氯进行防治可获得良好的效果。

[Objective]Pathogenic bacteria from diseased Trionyx sinensis with scabies cultured in a turtle farm in Chongzuo City of Guangxi were isolated and identified to seek out the aetiological agent for effective treatment and prevention.[Method]Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the liver and heart tissues from diseased Trionyx sinensis using routine method.Pathogenicity of the isolates was determined by artificial infection.The isolates were identified by API 20NE analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing.K-B was applied to test the antibiotic sensitivity.Highly-sensitive antibiotics were chosen for treatment based on the results.[Result]Two strains （X0805A and X0805B） were isolated and identified as Aeromonas sobria.The strains shared the highest level of similarity with A.sobri NCIMB12065 （X60412） （99.9％） and A.sobri ATCC43979 （X74683） （99.6％） in the phylogenetic tree.The results of the antibiotic sensitivity test were nearly the same between the two strains.And the two strains were both extremely sensitive to cefobid,fortum,cefuroxime,ofloxacin,rocephin and nitrofurantoin,highly sensitive to amikacin,kanamycin,streptomycin,rifampicin,norfloxacin and gentamicin,but resistant to oxacillin,vancomycin,ciprofloxacin,trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole,ampicillin,cephalosporin V,tetracycline,tobramycin,cephalosporin Ⅵ and penicillin G.[Conclusion]The death of Trionyx sinensis with scabies from the turtle farm in Chongzuo City of Guangxi was caused by Aeromonas sobria.Feeding the turtles with cefobid and pouring the whole pond with chlorine dioxide are recommended for prevention and treatment.