巨尾桉叶片挥发物对三种植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应

Allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophlla leaf volatile on seed germination and seedling growth

为探讨人工巨尾桉林叶片挥发物对周边农作物的化感作用,采用不同质量新鲜巨尾桉叶片及由新鲜叶片提取的桉叶油对玉米、辣椒、西红柿等三种植物种子进行处理,观测其种子萌发和幼苗生长状况。结果表明:(1)在三种被测植物中,桉树叶片挥发物对玉米种子萌发影响最小,对辣椒影响最大;(2)当叶片用量小于200g时,桉树叶片挥发物对三种植物种子萌发影响不明显,当叶片用量达400g时,能完全抑制辣椒、西红柿种子萌发,并能极显著降低玉米种子萌发(P<0.01);(3)玉米幼苗芽生长随叶片用量的增加呈现先促进后抑制现象,对芽高、鲜重、干重的促进和抑制均达到显著(P<0.05)或极显著水平(P<0.01);(4)当叶片用量小于或等于100g时,桉树叶片挥发物对辣椒、西红柿幼苗生长影响不明显,当用量达到200g时则能极显著抑制辣椒、西红柿幼苗生长;(5)桉叶油对三种测试植物的抑制效果与叶片自然挥发物相似,且效果更显著。

The allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus grandis ×E .urophlla plantation leaf volatile on surrounding crop were investigated,and seedling growth of three plants such as Zea mays ,pepper,tomatoes were studied by using dif-ferent quality fresh eucalyptus leaves and the eucalyptus essential oil from fresh leaves,the seed germination.The re-sults showed that：（1）In three kinds of tested plants,E .grandis ×E .urophlla leaf volatiles had little effect on zea mays seed germination,great effect on pepper;（2）When the amount was less than 200 g,E .grandis ×E .urophlla leaf volatiles had no obvious effect on seed germination of three tested plants;When the dosage was 400 g,it could completely inhibit seed germination of peppers,tomatoes,and could reduce seed germination significantly （P 〈0.01）;（3）With an increase of the dosage of leaf,the Zea mays growth first promoted and then suppressed,and it was signif-icant （P 〈 0.05）or extremely significant level （P 〈0.01）to bud height,fresh weight,dry weight;（4）when the amount was less than or equoal to 100 g,the E .grandis ×E .urophlla leaf volatiles was not obvious effect on seed-ling growth of peppers and tomatoes;when the amount reached 200 g,it could significantly inhibit the seedling growth peppers and tomatoes;（5）The eucalyptus essential oil had similar inhibitory effect on the 3 plants species with leaf natural volatile,and the effect was more significant.