红花对土壤矿质元素的吸收和积累

Analysis on mineral elements absorption and accumulation in Carthamus tinctoricus

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)检测红花不同部位和时期以及栽培土壤中K、Ca、Na、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、Cr、Cd、Pb、Ba、Ni和Al元素的含量。结果表明:红花各部位矿质元素含量差异明显。在红花各不同部位中K、Fe、Zn元素在幼苗中含量最高,Ca、Mg元素在成熟叶中含量最高,Cu元素在种子中含量最高;而K和Ca元素在种子中含量最低,Mg、Fe、Cu和Zn元素分别在花、茎、成熟叶和茎中含量最低。红花的幼苗和花对K元素吸收积累明显,幼苗和种子对Cu元素吸收积累明显,Ca元素在成熟叶中积累较多,相应元素含量远比土壤中相应的元素含量高。红花对土壤不同矿质元素的吸收利用差异较大,在长期栽培红花的土壤中应注意对吸收利用多的元素结合施肥进行补充。

The contents of K、Ca、Na and so on in different parts of Carthamus tinctoricus and the rhizosphere soil were determined by ICP-AES technique to study the law of mineral elements absorption and accumulation in the plant.The results indicated that the contents of K、Fe and Zn in seedlings are higher than that in other parts of plant, the contents of Ca and Mg in mature leaves are higher than that in other parts of plant,the content of Cu in seeds is highest in all Cu contents in different parts of the plant.K and Ca in seeds are less than these in other parts of plant. Mg,Fe,Cu and Zn were respectively least in flower,stem,mature leaves and stem.Therefore,K markedly accumu-lates in seedling and flower,Cu is obviously absorbed in seedling and seeds,Ca mostly accumulates in mature leaves. There are obvious differences in the absorption of these mineral elements in C .tinctoricus .These mineral elements that are absorbed much should be complemented as fertilizer when plant C .tinctoricus .