废弃鱼皮中制备分离多肽的酶解工艺研究

Enzymolysis technology for preparative separation of polypeptides from discarded fish skin

目的:研究从废弃鱼皮中制备多肽的酶解工艺及参数。方法:利用不同特性的酶进行酶解,对酶解液测定5000 u以下的多肽所占比例,确定最佳水解酶。通过单因素试验分别考察时间、温度以及酶加入量选出最佳条件。以蛋白含量及多肽所占比例为评价指标,通过响应面的中心组合设计,优选出最佳酶解参数。结果:复合酶为63.27%、风味酶为56.51%、胰蛋白酶为39.45%,确定复合酶为最佳水解酶;通过单因素考察水解时间、温度以及酶加入量确定最佳条件分别为3 h、45℃、0.07%;通过响应面设计软件分析确定酶解的最佳参数为时间3 h,温度50℃,酶加入量0.5%。结论:通过酶的特性筛选出水解鱼皮的最适酶,进行单因素及响应面设计试验,对酶解工艺进行优化,得到最佳酶解参数,为工业化生产提供参考。

Objective： Enzymolysis technology and corresponding parameters for polypeptides preparation from discarded fish skin were investigated. Methods： It was hydrolyzed by enzymes with different characteristics and ratio of polypeptides from the hydrolysates obtained with molecular weight lower than 5000 u was measured, and then optimum enzyme was selected. Through conventional method by varying one factor and maintaining the other factors, effects of time, temperature and enzyme dosage were studied to determine optimum conditions. Taking protein content and ratio of polypeptides as evaluating indexes, optimum parameters were obtained with response surface methodology. Results： The ratio of polypeptides with molecular weight lower than 5000 u of the composite enzyme was 63.27%, flavourzyme of 56.51%, trypsin of 39.45%, and thus composite enzyme was optimum. The optimum conditions by conventional method were hydrolysis time of 3 h, temperature of 45 ℃ and enzyme dosage of 0.07%. Optimum conditions by response surface methodology were determined as hydrolysis time of 3 h, temperature of 50 ℃, and enzyme dosage of 0.5%. Conclusion： Optimum enzyme was obtained according to characteristics of enzymes, and then the experiments were conducted by conventional method and response surface methodology. Thus hydrolysis parameters were optimized and optimum hydrolysis conditions were obtained, which can provide references for industrial production.