水稻育秧播种机钵体苗底土压实装置

Subsoil Compaction Device for Rice Seedling Nursery Planter of Bowl Seedling Tray

设计了一种能实现水稻精密育秧播种机钵体软、硬秧盘穴孔底土压实的通用装置,该装置以AT89C51单片机为控制系统核心,采用步进电动机和送盘行程开关实现秧盘供送,以及限位行程开关和对准接近开关实现秧盘穴孔与压实辊指对准,压实辊指与秧盘穴孔内底土相互作用完成底土压实。通过系统的试验研究,确定了该装置的最佳工作参数。压实试验表明,该系统能满足秧盘穴孔底土压实的工作要求,实现了穴孔与压实辊指的精确对准和底土压实,当生产率在500盘/h、提前角对应弧长为1 mm时,对准率为98%,满足钵体苗穴孔底土压实的技术要求;育秧试验表明,增加穴孔底土压实深度,可提高秧苗素质,保持土壤根系坚实不散,有利于栽插作业,压实深度为6 mm时效果最佳。

The subsoil compaction device of bowl seedling tray cave-hole for rice seedling nursery planter was developed for soft and hard seedling tray. The device control system based on AT89C51 microcontroller used a stepping motor and a transporting-tray limit switch to control seedling tray feeding, and used a restrict limit switch and an align proximity switch to conduct seedling tray alignment and interaction between subsoil in the seedling tray cave-hole and the roller finger. With these steps, subsoil compaction was realized on this device. Through various testing on the compaction device, the optimum working parameters of the compaction device were obtained. The seedling tray alignment test showed that the system realized exact match between the seedling tray cave-hole and roller finger during the subsoil compaction operation at a productivity of 500 trays per hour and an advance angle arc length of 1 mm, and the alignment rate of 98% , which met the technical requirements for subsoil compaction of bowl seedling tray cave-hole. The seedling nursery test showed that subsoil compaction of bowl seedling tray cave-hole improved the quality of seedlings and ensured the integrity and tightness of bowl seedling root-soil complex, which was most helpful for planting operations when the depth of subsoil compaction was 6 mm.