婴幼儿体积描记法研究进展

Research advances of baby body plethysmography

婴幼儿体积描记法（体描）是评估婴幼儿肺功能的先进技术，能够全面地检测潮气呼吸参数、功能残气量和呼吸道阻力，主要用于肺发育评估和呼吸系统阻塞性病变的诊断。体描仪在平静自主呼吸状态下测定肺功能，无需主观配合，采集的信号较多，测值精确，重复性好，但不同国家和地区的临床应用率差别较大，主要是在德语区广泛应用，在我国的应用尚处于起步阶段。在过去20年，婴幼儿体描的临床应用虽然取得了较大的进展，但相关参数的正常参考值或预计值公式存在较大争议，这给临床上体描检测结果的分析、疾病的诊断和鉴别带来很多问题。为了鉴别正常生长发育引起的肺功能改变与疾病状态下的肺功能改变，需开展健康婴幼儿体描参数的正常范围或预计值公式的研究。

Baby body plethysmography is a well-established technique of lung function determination,which is widely used to access the respiratory development and obstructive airway diseases by precisely measuring tidal brea- thing, functional residual capacity, and air way resistance. Babies who accept lung function measurements in the baby body plethysmography are under quiet state of spontaneous breathing without any subjective initiative, which results in multiplexed data acquisition, high precision and good repeatability. Clinical application of baby body plethysmography differs in different countries and areas, with the most intensive application in the German-speaking countries. In China, the clinical use of baby body plethysmography still remains in primary stage. Great progress has been achieved in its clinical use during the past 20 years, but there is still a lack of consensus on normal reference values or equations with which to interpret results, which has caused some trouble to diagnosis and identification of respiratory disease. In order to identify the nature and severity of airway disease, it is essential to understand the normal range of plethysmographic values that may occur in healthy infants of similar age,gender and body size.